DETERMINATION AND COMPARISON OF ANTI-MICROBIAL PROPERTY OF XYLOCARPUS GRANATUM EHANOLIC BARK EXTRACT AND PENICILLIN AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; AND VANCOMYCIN AGAINST METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCCOCUS AUREUS
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Mangroves that are found in tropical and sub-tropical tidal areas including the Philippines has been exploitative in nature. Nevertheless, preventive measures are made to enzure the survival of the declining species. The research experiment has three major parts which includes 1. The two fold serial dilution - used to look for the minimum inhibitory concentration in which the bacteria is most susceptible with 2. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) - confirms the susceptibility of the bacteria to the concentration. 3. The zone of inhibition - will compare the bactericidal effects of the extract and the control drug. The study used pure colonies of Staphyloccocus aureus and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) which was placed into test tubes then infused in 5ml Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB) and were incubated at 35C for 18-24 hours. From each broth tube without visible growth, 0.5ml was transfered onto Mueller-Hinton Agar using simple streaking method and left for overnight incubation. 30 micrograms of bank extract were placed on the blank discs using electric micropipette placed in a sterile container and was allowed to dry. A new inoculum of bacteria culture was prepared in NSS solution on an MHA plate. The extract disc was placed on a side of the plate and the control disc was placed on the other side. Plates was inverted and incubated at 35C for about 18 hours. Antibiotic (Penicillin and Vancomycin) disc served as a control in Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic and extracted products of X. granulatum were examined and found to exhibit antibacterial activity at different concentrations (100%, 75% and 50%) against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus which is shown in Table 1- 4. Based on the test organism the extract showed good antimicrobial activity against MRSA comparing to control vancomycin and moderate activity against S. aureus comparing to the control penicillin. The result of the antimicrobial activity expressed in term of diameter of zone of inhibition in millimeter.