Determination of the effect of the ethanolic extract of the flower, leaf and roots of kyllinga nemoralis (anuang) on the urine output of male ratus ratus / Section 1-A Group 2; Maria Fatima Caguete.

Includes appendices and bibliographical references.

Abstract: To determine the effect of the ethanolic extract of the specific parts of Anuang-flower, leaf and root-on the urine output of the male ICR. To identify which of plant part (leaf, flower and root) would exhibit most diuretic effect and compare it to standard known diuretic, Furosemide. To identify the different secondary metabolites present in the leaf, flower and root sxtract of Anuang. This study is a quantitative research, pre-test post-test design. Thirty (30) male ICR mice were randomly assigned to five (5) groups, with six (6) mice each group. The first group is the placebo group (utilized NSS) and the second group is the control group (Furosemide). The third to fifth groups are the experimental groups which received the leaf, flower and root extracts. Urine out was used as parameter. Statistical tools used to interpret the data were One-way ANOVA and Post-hoc Bonferroni paired t-test. One way ANOVA showed significant difference between the mean urine output before and after treatment. However, on the post-hoc Bonferroni paired t-test, no significant differences between each pure extract and negative control (NSS) to that of the standard drug (Furosemide). The ethanolic extract of flowers, leaves and roots equally contain phenols and terpenes determined through phytochemical analysis using the methods described by Trease and Evans (2002). These secondary plant metabolites are potent diuretic constituents. However, the ethanolic extract of flowers revealed highest diuretic activity among three extracts. This study strongly recommends the determination of specific class of both phenols and terpenes acting as diuretic agent through High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and analyze quantitatively the secondary plant metabolites in the ethanolic extracts of Anuang to justify the diuretic activity of roots, leaves and importantly, flowers. It is also recommended to isolate and purify the secondary plant metabolites to obtain their maximum therapeutic potentials. Moreover, the authors suggest studying the effects of higher dosage of ethanolic extracts of Anuang to establish its bioactivity. Further pharmacological and biochemical investigations are essential to elucidate its mechanism of action.

Thesis - Department of Biochemistry & Nutrition