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Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 among pediatric patients : a systematic review and meta-analysis / Ma. Chariza D. Tantamco and Eva I. Bautista.

Contributor(s): Language: english Publication details: Fairview, Quezon City: Department of Child Health, FEU-NRMF, 2022.Description: 29 pages: illustrations, tables; (in folder) with flash drive (soft copy)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • unmediated
Carrier type:
  • volume
LOC classification:
  • CH 2022 0002
Summary: Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to cause global havoc posing uncertainly to educational institutional institutions worldwide. Understanding the risk factors of COVID-19 in children is important because of the potential impact on clinical management and public health decisions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to determine the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 in children. A comprehensive search on Medline through PubMed, Cochrane Library, WHO COVID-19 Database, Herdin Plus and ACTA Medica Philippina from January 1, 2020 until January 31, 2022 was done. Included studies evaluated the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 among pediatric patients. We determined the strength of this association using pooled Odds ration with 95% confidence intervals. After retrieving 3,341 publications, Full-text article review was done for 11 studies. Six studies were included in the final analysis and these studies were carried out in five countries. There were one cohort and five cross-sectional analytic studies. There were 47,486 pediatric patients with confirmed COVID-19 with 50.12% male population (n = 23,802). The patients' median age varied across all 6 studies from 16 months to 12 years. A total of 1,757 severe COVID-19 cases (3.62%) was reported across all 6 studies. Sensitivity analysis of studies with no serious risk of bias showed that the presence of underlying medical conditions increased the odds of having severe COVID-19 by almost three times (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.96; 95% CI: 2.27 -3.87) compared to absence of underlying medical conditions (p-value = 0.22; I2= 31%; Chi2 = 4.37). However, results showed that older age increased the odds of having severe COVID-19 by almost three times (OR: 2.77; 95% CI:1.48 -5.20) but the studies were heterogenous (p-value <0.00001; I2 = 91%; Chi2=64.34). This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate the underlying asthma, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, and young age are risk factors for severe COVID-19 in children. Clinicians should pay close attention to these risk factors and provide timely and personalized treatment modalities to prevent progression to severe COVID-19 and reduce the risk of death.
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Includes appendices and bibliographical references.

Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to cause global havoc posing uncertainly to educational institutional institutions worldwide. Understanding the risk factors of COVID-19 in children is important because of the potential impact on clinical management and public health decisions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to determine the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 in children. A comprehensive search on Medline through PubMed, Cochrane Library, WHO COVID-19 Database, Herdin Plus and ACTA Medica Philippina from January 1, 2020 until January 31, 2022 was done. Included studies evaluated the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 among pediatric patients. We determined the strength of this association using pooled Odds ration with 95% confidence intervals. After retrieving 3,341 publications, Full-text article review was done for 11 studies. Six studies were included in the final analysis and these studies were carried out in five countries. There were one cohort and five cross-sectional analytic studies. There were 47,486 pediatric patients with confirmed COVID-19 with 50.12% male population (n = 23,802). The patients' median age varied across all 6 studies from 16 months to 12 years. A total of 1,757 severe COVID-19 cases (3.62%) was reported across all 6 studies. Sensitivity analysis of studies with no serious risk of bias showed that the presence of underlying medical conditions increased the odds of having severe COVID-19 by almost three times (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.96; 95% CI: 2.27 -3.87) compared to absence of underlying medical conditions (p-value = 0.22; I2= 31%; Chi2 = 4.37). However, results showed that older age increased the odds of having severe COVID-19 by almost three times (OR: 2.77; 95% CI:1.48 -5.20) but the studies were heterogenous (p-value <0.00001; I2 = 91%; Chi2=64.34). This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate the underlying asthma, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, and young age are risk factors for severe COVID-19 in children. Clinicians should pay close attention to these risk factors and provide timely and personalized treatment modalities to prevent progression to severe COVID-19 and reduce the risk of death.

Research - Department of Child Health

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