A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG GAWAD KALINGA FAMILY MEMBERS AGED 20 YEARS OLD AND ABOVE RESIDING IN SALCEDO ST., SAN MIGUEL, SAN ROBERTO CLUSTER A, GROUP B, PAYATAS TRESE, QUEZON CITY JUNE-JULY 2005

ABSTRACT: Diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic illnesses that continue to challenge most family physicians. There have been many studies on literature regarding the prevalence of Diabetes mellitus Type-2 both on the global and National levels. There has been, however, scarcity of information regarding the prevalence of the said disease on the urban poor such as Payatas. Quezon City. A research then was done with the following objectives: (1) To determine the prevalence of Type-2 Diabetes mellitus among 2.5 pre-assigned Gawad Kalinga Family members aged 20 years old and above, residing in Salcedo, San Miguel, and San Roberto Streets, Cluster A. Group B. Payatas Trese, Quezon City, through FBS determination; (2) To determine the risk factors present among those with Type-2 Diabetes mellitus according to age, family history of Type-2 Diabetes mellitus, diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. The results of this research will serve as baseline information for future researches about Diabetes mellitus Type-2, and also serve as guide for future action program or interventions to decrease the prevalence of Type-2 Diabetes mellitus in localities such as Payatas, Quezon City. Health promotion, complication prevention and control of present complications can be instituted immediately to those inflicted with the disease if detected early. Cut off values for the sugar levels (Normal, Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetic Levels) were based on the standards set by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). 2005. Normal FBS levels: FBS value less than 100 mg/dl (5.6 mmol/L). Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) Level: FBS value less than 100 - 125 mg/dl (5.6 - 7.0 mmol/L), and diabetic fasting blood sugar level: > 126 mg/dl or more (>7.0 mmol/L). A descriptive study design was utilized to meet the objectives. A total of 60 individuals, 20 years old and above, taken from the 2.5 pre-assigned Gawad Kalinga families presently residing in Salcedo, San Miguel and San Roberto Streets, Cluster A Group B Payatas Trese, Quezon City, were set as respondents. From that 60, 45 individuals were able to answer the interview schedule, and out of these 45 respondents, 31 underwent blood extraction and thus, FBS determination. Out of the 31 subjects, the following results were obtained: 55% had normal fasting glucose levels, 32% IFG and 13% have diabetic levels; as to age: 45% are > 45 years old and 55% < 45 years old: as to diet: results show that only a small portion of the population follows the recommended type of diet by the ADA which is low fat, high carbohydrate diet: as to waist circumference of male respondents: 92% have < 90 cm. while 8% have > 90 cm: as to female waist circumference: 74% have waist circumferences <80cm while 26% have >80 cm; as to physical activity: 48% are engaged in moderate activity, 32% in light activity and 10% each with sedentary and heavy activity; as to BMI: 68% have normal BMI values while 32% had BMI >23 kg/m; and as to family history: 77% without family history of DM, 23% have family history of DM.

Department of Community & Family Medicine