"Difference of video-based low-impact calisthenics versus walking on the quality of life of community-based elderly with diabetes mellitus" / [author]: Baes, Hans Henrikson P., Barbarona, Shean Bryan C., Capistrano, Keziah T., Lacanaria, Zyrinn Shane B., Latupan, Kate-Anne D., Sagun, Tam Jedi V., Tuppil, Jethro R. [co-author]: John Paul Peter Hanada

Includes Appendix

ABSTRACT:
Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing among the elderly residing in the Philippines. A significant aspect of people with DM is their quality of life (QoL) and how difficult it is for them to manage it. The QoL of the
elderly with DM is significantly reduced due to the burden of the disease itself, its complications, and its treatment which are compounded by geriatric syndromes. Video-based learning is the use of video to teach knowledge or skills. To our
knowledge, no other studies have investigated the difference of video-based exercise versus leisurely walking in improving the QoL of community-dwelling (CDEs) elderly with DM.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the difference of video-based low-impact calisthenics VS leisurely walking on the quality of life of community-dwelling elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: A total of thirty-six (n=36) CDEs, aged 60-69 years, with T2DM were recruited for the study. The participants were randomly allocated to experimental (n=18) and control (n=18) study groups. The experimental group was given video-based low-impact calisthenics, whereas, 10-15 minutes of leisure walking was given to the control group for 5 weeks. The outcome measures were Diabetes- 39 (D-39) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF) which were assessed pre and post-intervention.
Results: The results of the experimental study showed that there was a statistically significant improvement in QOL among both groups, energy and mobility EG (p=.02) CG (p=.00), diabetes control EG (p=.01) CG (p=.01), anxiety and worry EG (p=.00) CG (p=.00), social overload EG (p=.00) CG (p=.00), and found no statistically significant improvement among both groups on sexual
behaviors EG (p=.23) CG (p=.58). The Kruskal-Wallis test and T-test were used for comparing two or more independent samples of equal or different sample sizes. Levene's test of homogeneity revealed a p-value greater than 0.05 indicating that the subjects on both EGs and CG were characteristically homogenous at baseline except for sex (p=0. 00), marital status (p=0.00),
smoking (p=0.00), alcohol consumption (p=0.00), physical activity level (p=0.00), and D-39 Sexual Behavior (p=0.00).
Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that both video-based low-impact calisthenics and walking are beneficial in improving the quality of life of patients with T2DM.
Keywords: Video-based exercise, low-impact calisthenics, type 2 diabetes mellitus, quality of life, community-dwelling elderly

School of Physical Therapy Thesis - School of Physical Therapy